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Glossary

Formative assessment

Formative assessment is low-stakes checking done during learning to guide what happens next, not to produce a final grade. Its job is to tell the teacher and the student what to do differently.

A quick quiz, a show of hands, a one-minute write, or a marked draft are all formative when the point is to find out what students have grasped and adjust from there. The grade, if there is one, is secondary. The classic review of the evidence found that strong formative practice produces real learning gains.

The contrast is with summative assessment, which measures learning at the end. Most timetables need both; the mistake is treating every task as summative and losing the chance to correct course while it still matters.

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